Annals of Epidemiology
Volume 20, Issue 8 , Pages 592-598, August 2010

Maternal Body Composition, Smoking, and Hyperemesis Gravidarum

  • Åse Vikanes, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Åse Vikanes, MD, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Post Office Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway. Tel.: +47-21-07-83-28; Fax: +47-21-07-82-52.
    • ,
  • Andrej M. Grjibovski, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
    • Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
    • International School of Public Health, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
    • ,
  • Siri Vangen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
    • National Resource Centre for Women's Health, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
    • ,
  • Nina Gunnes, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
    • ,
  • Sven O. Samuelsen, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
    • Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
    • ,
  • Per Magnus, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Received 27 January 2010; accepted 14 May 2010.

Purpose

To study associations between maternal prepregnant body mass index (BMI), smoking, and hyperemesis gravidarum (hyperemesis).

Methods

The sample consisted of 33,467 primiparous women from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (1999−2008). Data on hyperemesis, BMI, education, maternal age, eating disorders, maternal and paternal smoking habits were obtained from questionnaires. All associations were studied by logistic regression.

Results

Altogether, 353 (1.1%) women had hyperemesis. Among non-smokers, both underweight and obese women were more likely to develop hyperemesis than normal-weighted women: odds ratio (OR), 2.36; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.43−3.88 and OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.00−2.20, respectively. No associations were found among smokers. Women who smoked daily (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.32−0.60) or occasionally (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.44−0.93) had lower risk of hyperemesis than non-smokers. No effect of partner's smoking habits was observed.

Conclusions

Both underweight and obesity were associated with hyperemesis, but only among non-smokers. Maternal prepregnant smoking reduced the risk of hyperemesis, whereas partner's smoking habits had no effect.

Key Words: Body Mass Index, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Smoking, Socioeconomic Status

Selected Abbreviations and Acronyms: BMI, body mass index, MoBa, the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, OR, odds ratio, cOR, crude odds ratio, 95% CI, 95% confidence interval, aOR, adjusted odds ratio

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 MoBa is supported by The Norwegian Ministry of Health; The Norwegian Research Council (151918/S10 and 166145/V50); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (N01 - ES – 85433); National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (1 UO1 NS 047537); and the 6th Research Framework of the European Union (EARNEST).

PII: S1047-2797(10)00120-1

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.05.009

Annals of Epidemiology
Volume 20, Issue 8 , Pages 592-598, August 2010

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